viernes, 23 de diciembre de 2011

Juan Ramón Jiménez y la supuesta literatura infantil

El 23 a las 12 o el 24 a las 0 horas de 1881 nació Juan Ramón Jiménez, Premio Nobel de Literatura (1956) y autor de uno de los comienzos más memorizados de la literatura universal:
Platero es pequeño, peludo, suave; tan blando por fuera, que se diría todo de algodón, que no lleva huesos. Sólo los espejos de azabache de sus ojos son duros cual dos escarabajos de cristal negro.

Lo dejo suelto, y se va al prado, y acaricia tibiamente con su hocico, rozándolas apenas, las florecillas rosas, celestes y gualdas... Lo llamo dulcemente: «¿Platero?» y viene a mí con un trotecillo alegre que parece que se ríe en no sé qué cascabeleo ideal...

Come cuanto le doy. Le gustan las naranjas mandarinas, las uvas moscateles, todas de ámbar; los higos morados, con su cristalina gotita de miel...

Es tierno y mimoso igual que un niño, que una niña...; pero fuerte y seco por dentro como de piedra. Cuando paso sobre él, los domingos, por las últimas callejas del pueblo, los hombres del campo, vestidos de limpio y despaciosos, se quedan mirándolo:

—Tien' asero...

Tiene acero. Acero y plata de luna, al mismo tiempo.
Inicio, por supuesto, de Platero y yo, obra que dan a leer a los niños tempranamente. Su autor, sin embargo, aseguraba al comienzo de la obra, en la "Advertencia a los hombres que lean este libro para niños":
Este breve libro, en donde la alegría y la pena son gemelas, cual las orejas de Platero, estaba escrito para... ¡qué sé yo para quién! ...para quién escribimos los poetas líricos... Ahora que va a los niños, no le quito ni le pongo una coma. ¡Qué bien!

«Dondequiera que haya niños —dice Novalis—, existe una edad de oro». Pues por esa edad de oro, que es como una isla espiritual caída del cielo, anda el corazón del poeta, y se encuentra allí tan a su gusto, que su mejor deseo sería no tener que abandonarla nunca.
¡Isla de gracia, de frescura y dicha, edad de oro de los niños; siempre te halle yo en mi vida, mar de duelo; y que tu brisa me dé su lira, alta y, a veces sin sentido, igual que el trino de la alondra en el sol blanco del amanecer!

Yo nunca he escrito ni escribiré nada para niños, porque creo que el niño puede leer los libros que lee el hombre, con determinadas excepciones que a todos se le ocurren. También habrá excepciones para hombres y para mujeres, etc.

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