lunes, 12 de abril de 2010

Decálogo del escritor, por Augusto Monterroso*

Primero.
Cuando tengas algo que decir, dilo; cuando no, también. Escribe siempre.

Segundo.
No escribas nunca para tus contemporáneos, ni mucho menos, como hacen tantos, para tus antepasados. Hazlo para la posteridad, en la cual sin duda serás famoso, pues es bien sabido que la posteridad siempre hace justicia.

Tercero.
En ninguna circunstancia olvides el célebre dictum: "En literatura no hay nada escrito".

Cuarto.
Lo que puedas decir con cien palabras dilo con cien palabras; lo que con una, con una. No emplees nunca el término medio; así, jamás escribas nada con cincuenta palabras.

Quinto.
Aunque no lo parezca, escribir es un arte; ser escritor es ser un artista, como el artista del trapecio, o el luchador por antonomasia, que es el que lucha con el lenguaje; para esta lucha ejercítate de día y de noche.

Sexto.
Aprovecha todas las desventajas, como el insomnio, la prisión, o la pobreza; el primero hizo a Baudelaire, la segunda a Pellico y la tercera a todos tus amigos escritores; evita pues, dormir como Homero, la vida tranquila de un Byron, o ganar tanto como Bloy.

Séptimo.
No persigas el éxito. El éxito acabó con Cervantes, tan buen novelista hasta el Quijote. Aunque el éxito es siempre inevitable, procúrate un buen fracaso de vez en cuando para que tus amigos se entristezcan.

Octavo.
Fórmate un público inteligente, que se consigue más entre los ricos y los poderosos. De esta manera no te faltarán ni la comprensión ni el estímulo, que emana de estas dos únicas fuentes.

Noveno.
Cree en ti, pero no tanto; duda de ti, pero no tanto. Cuando sientas duda, cree; cuando creas, duda. En esto estriba la única verdadera sabiduría que puede acompañar a un escritor.

Décimo.
Trata de decir las cosas de manera que el lector sienta siempre que en el fondo es tanto o más inteligente que tú. De vez en cuando procura que efectivamente lo sea; pero para lograr eso tendrás que ser más inteligente que él.

Undécimo.
No olvides los sentimientos de los lectores. Por lo general es lo mejor que tienen; no como tú, que careces de ellos, pues de otro modo no intentarías meterte en este oficio.

Duodécimo.
Otra vez el lector. Entre mejor escribas más lectores tendrás; mientras les des obras cada vez más refinadas, un número cada vez mayor apetecerá tus creaciones; si escribes cosas para el montón nunca serás popular y nadie tratará de tocarte el saco en la calle, ni te señalará con el dedo en el supermercado.

El autor da la opción al escritor, de descartar dos de estos enunciados, y quedarse con los restantes diez.


*Augusto Monterroso (guatemalteco, 1921-2003) vivió la mayor parte de su vida en México. En su obra -de prosa concisa, accesible, claramente inclinada a la parodia, la fábula, el absurdo, el humor negro y la paradoja- se destacan los títulos Obras completas (y otros cuentos) (1959), La oveja negra y demás fábulas (1969), Movimiento perpetuo (1972) y la novela Lo demás es silencio (1978).

Fue galardonado con el premio Villaurrutia en 1975 y en 1988, con la condecoración del Águila Azteca. En 1996, recibió el Premio Juan Rulfo de narrativa.

91 comentarios:

  1. Muchas gracias por estas recomendaciones, que no solo están referidas a motivarte a escribir bien, sino que también generan un marco para la eficiencia y la ética.. Felicitaciones y adelante
    Roberto Rolo Luís
    Maracay, Venezuela

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  2. Muy bueno. Yo escribí algo similar en mi blog de relatos.

    http://losrelatosdevaeneria.blogspot.com/2010/04/escritores-derechos-y-deberes.html

    Saludos :)

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  3. Excelente.
    El mejor de todos, el noveno. Digno de enmarcar y colgar en la pared detrás del monitor.

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  4. Estoy de acuerdo con Roberto, pero yo le agregaría el undécimo...
    Muy buenos consejos.

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  5. Todo genial... yo le agregaría: "No creas que todo lo que escribes es digno de la gloria, la humildad mezclada de la incansable constancia será el factor decisivo a la hora de glorificar tus esfuerzos"... se me ocurrió, tomando en cuenta que muchas veces quienes escriben, así sea bobadas, ya creen que son mejores candidatos que Cervantes...

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  6. Excelente compendio de consejos. Me dan ganas de escribir.

    ResponderEliminar
  7. leo más arriba que la obra de la persona que escribió este decálogo es de "prosa concisa, accesible, claramente inclinada a la parodia, la fábula, el absurdo, el humor negro y la paradoja" Y encuentro que tienen toda la razón.
    Es una paradoja que a alguien se le ocurra algo así como un decálogo para escribir, pues un grupo de instrucciones tan accesibles no pueden llegar a ser mas que una parodia de la realidad. Es una fábula pensar que se puedan alcanzar grandes obras con instrucciones vacías. Es absurdo pensar que alguien escribiría algo así en serio, por lo que me inclino a pensar que esta deber ser una gran obra de humor negro.

    Felipe
    Chile

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  8. Escribir es algo serio, porque dejas las cosas por escrito, escribir no es trivial. porque si lo escribes es porque importa, escribir es como el aire, si no escribes te asfixias y si escribes demasiado hiperventilas.
    Todo aquel que escribe, tiene derecho a un lector, asi sea su pariente, su pretendida o su maestra de primaria o el recalcitantre esditor, escribir es siempre un duelo, tu deeo de hacer parir a la hoja blanca y su nada.

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  9. Gracias por la sugerencia Marcia, es de tomar en cuenta el decàlogo para aquellos futuros escritores.... hasta luego.....

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  10. Algo en los genes, un poco de formación, inspiración y la pimienta de la vida.

    Unas cuantas herramientas a mano.

    Ordenado, metódico, relajado y con mucho tiempo para escribir...

    Luego corregir una y mil veces

    Ser humilde y aceptar las críticas sabias.

    Nunca dejar de escribir...

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  11. si analizamos la quinta recomendacion dice:

    "Aunque no lo parezca, escribir es un arte; ser escritor es ser un artista, como el artista del trapecio, o el luchador por antonomasia, que es el que lucha con el lenguaje; para esta lucha ejercítate de día y de noche".

    ahora beamos lo que responderia el poeta yvan silen en la entreviata que le hicieron el 10 de abril 2010.

    "Hay que tachar inmediatamente la palabra artistas, porque éstos son y se han convertido en los conserjes de los políticos del status quo. Los artistas son, entonces, los canallas asalariados de lo bello"
    "Published: April 10, 2010Posted in: Entrevistas"


    entonces mi recomendacion: es que omitamos la idea absurda de convertirnos en artistas, si sabemos que cuando escrivimos no lo hacemos para ser famosos ni asalariados sino capaces de crear nuestro propio mundo y vivir en él, sin importar lo que diga el bulgo. en otras palabras convirtamonos en poetas. porque los escritores tambien escriven, y se mueven en el mundo del arte pero viendolo desde el punto de vista filosofico, ontologico, es dicer toman el erte para si,y lo hacen suyo. ¡seamos escritores antes que artistas asalariados!.

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  12. Excelente, es el estimulo que las personas que deseamos dedicarnos a este oficio necesitamos. Muchas veces tenemos dudas y otras estamos tan seguros de lo que escribimos que no nos permitimos analizar conciezudamente lo que estamos redactando así que me identifico plenamente con el noveno, pero todos son valiosisimos.

    Carolina Berry
    Barinas- Venezuela

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  13. Respecto del primero. Escuché a Eduardo Galeano decir algo más sabio: "nunca digas palabras que no sean mejores que el silencio".

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  14. las diez, son para el autor.

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