
El 15 de octubre de 1844 nace Friedrich Wihelm Nietzsche, filósofo alemán muy influyente en la historia del pensamiento del siglo XX por sus conceptos sobre la muerte de Dios, la idea del eterno retorno, la idea del superhombre y la idea de la voluntad de poder.
Aunque entre sus títulos se recuerda más Así habló Zaratustra, Genealogía de la moral o El nacimiento de la tragedia en el espíritu de la música, extraeremos fragmentos muy representativos de su pensamiento de la obra La ciencia jovial (también traducida como La gaya ciencia), organizada en pequeños apartados temáticos.
Todas las citas tomadas se refieren al carácter artificioso del conocimiento: invento humano para intentar manejar (entender, clasificar, manipular) el mundo, pero que nunca logra aprehenderlo. Para Nietzsche, la producción intelectual humana solo postula realidades sobre las cosas, sin llegar nunca a reflejar realmente cómo son (aunque no lo reconozca e intente hacer pasar sus postulados por Verdades). Así, Nietzsche se opone a la idea (luminosa y confiada) de la Ilustración acerca de que el potencial de nuestro pensamiento es virtualmente ilimitado y de que el progreso continuo es posible. Por esta crítica al racionalismo y por proponer que -en realidad- la idea de razón esconde pulsiones más profundas y vergonzosas, el filósofo francés Paul Ricaeur lo incluyó, como a Marx y a Freud, entre los "maestros de la sospecha".
"Pensamientos
Los pensamientos son las sombras de nuestras sensaciones -siempre más oscuros, vacíos, simples que estas."
"El pensador
Él es un pensador: eso significa que él sabe cómo tomar las cosas de una manera más simple de lo que son."
"El límite de nuestra audición
Uno solamente escucha las preguntas para las que está en condiciones de escuchar una respuesta. "
"El origen de nuestro concepto 'conocimiento'
¿Qué quiere [el pueblo], cuando quiere el "conocimiento"? Nada más que esto: algo extraño debe ser reducido a algo consabido. [...] ¡Error de errores! Lo consabido es lo habitual; y lo habitual es lo más difícil de conocer, es decir, de ver como problema, es decir, de ver como extraño, como lejano, como "fuera de nosotros"."
Nadie puede negar el impacto que tuvo el pensamiento y los postulados tan 'polémicos' de Nietzsche en su tiempo.
ResponderEliminarSi estuviera hoy vivo sería atacado a diario por la prensa amarillista y los círculos cerrados de conocimiento.
Hola, me llamo Sandra y soy una estudiante de Barcelona que está realizando
Eliminarun trabajo de investigación sobre Nietzsche y su influencia en la cultura occidental.
Estoy recopilando opiniones sobre este filósofo y me pongo en contacto con
usted para preguntarle si podría responderme una pregunta sobre el tema.
¿Qué le suscita a usted la filosofía de Nietzsche en la actualidad?
Muchas gracias. Un saludo. معین
سیاوش قمیشی
شادمهر عقیلی
Hola, me llamo Sandra y soy una estudiante de Barcelona que está realizando
ResponderEliminarun trabajo de investigación sobre Nietzsche y su influencia en la cultura occidental.
Estoy recopilando opiniones sobre este filósofo y me pongo en contacto con
usted para preguntarle si podría responderme una pregunta sobre el tema.
¿Qué le suscita a usted la filosofía de Nietzsche en la actualidad?
Muchas gracias. Un saludo.
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